The separation of powers primarily keeps government from becoming too powerful by dividing the power of the federal government among three branches: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial branches. This division ensures that no single branch has complete control over the functions of government. Each branch has its own distinct responsibilities and powers, creating a system of checks and balances where each branch can limit the powers of the others.
Here’s a brief overview of how this system works:
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Legislative Branch (Congress): This branch is responsible for making laws. It can check the executive branch by overriding vetoes, approving appointments, and controlling federal spending. It also holds the power to impeach members of the executive and judicial branches.
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Executive Branch (President and federal agencies): This branch is responsible for enforcing laws. The president can veto legislation passed by Congress, but their actions can be reviewed by the judiciary to ensure they comply with the Constitution.
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Judicial Branch (Supreme Court and lower courts): This branch interprets laws and ensures they are applied fairly. It can rule on the constitutionality of laws and executive actions, providing another layer of checks on the powers of the other branches.
This system is designed to prevent any single entity or branch from gaining too much power, thereby protecting democracy and individual rights.
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