how do you multiply numbers with more than one digit

Answer 1

Multiplying numbers with more than one digit can be done using a method called long multiplication. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to do it:

Step 1: Write the Numbers Vertically

Write the larger number on top and the smaller number directly below it, aligning the digits to the right.

Step 2: Multiply Each Digit

Starting from the rightmost digit of the bottom number, multiply it by each digit of the top number, moving from right to left.

1. First Row: Multiply the bottom's rightmost digit by each digit of the top number. Write the result below the line.

2. Second Row: Move one position to the left in the bottom number, repeat the multiplication for each digit of the top number, and shift the result one position to the left (like adding a zero).

3. Continue this for each digit in the bottom number, shifting over one position each time.

Step 3: Add the Rows

Once you have calculated all the rows, add them together. Make sure to align the numbers correctly based on their place value (units, tens, hundreds, etc.).

Example: Multiply 23 by 47

Let’s go through the multiplication of 23 by 47.

      23
    x 47
   ------

1. Multiply 7 (from 47) by 23:
   • 7 × 3 = 21 (write 1, carry over 2)
   • 7 × 2 = 14, plus 2 (carry) = 16
   • First row of the result: 161

      23
    x 47
   ------
     161  (This is 7*23)

2. Multiply 4 (from 47) by 23:
   • Since 4 is in the tens place, we will shift this result one position to the left.
   • 4 × 3 = 12 (write 2, carry over 1)
   • 4 × 2 = 8, plus 1 (carry) = 9
   • Second row of the result: 920 (remember to shift left)

      23
    x 47
   ------
     161
    920   (This is 4*23, shifted one place left)

3. Add the two results:

      23
    x 47
   ------
     161
    920
   ------
   1081

Result

So, \( 23 \times 47 = 1081 \).

That's how you multiply multi-digit numbers! Practice with different examples to become more comfortable with the process.

Answer 2

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