how do the powers of the national government and the powers states compare according to James Madison the primary author of the constitution?

Question

the powers of the national government are few while the powers of the states are many
the power of the national government are many while the powers of the states are few
the power of the national government are more important than the powers of the states
the powers of the states are more Important than the powers of the national government

Answer 1

According to James Madison, particularly in the context of the Federalist Papers, the correct answer would be: the powers of the national government are few while the powers of the states are many.

Madison argued for a system of federalism in which the national government would have limited, enumerated powers while reserving a broader array of powers to the states. This distinction is foundational to the Constitution and reflects the principle of limited government. The powers of the national government are specifically outlined in the Constitution, while states retain many powers not explicitly granted to the federal government.