During Monroe's term as president, the Supreme Court's decisions expanded the power of the federal government mainly through its rulings on federal authority over the economy and interstate commerce. One significant case during this time was McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), which reinforced the principle of federal supremacy and allowed Congress to use implied powers. This decision supported the federal government's ability to regulate the economy more broadly.
Therefore, the most appropriate answer from your options would be:
It gave the federal government power to regulate the economy.