All of the provided responses highlight valid contributions of atomic theory to the development and organization of the periodic table. However, the most comprehensive response is:
Experiments that identified characteristics of atoms provided scientists with atomic weights and atomic numbers, which are used to organize the periodic table.
This response emphasizes the key role of atomic characteristics, such as atomic weights (mass) and atomic numbers (the number of protons), in forming the basis for the structure of the periodic table. It reflects how experimental discoveries about atoms directly influenced how elements were categorized and arranged systematically.