how did the location of the ancient cities of harappa and mohenjo-daro contribute to their development?

Answer 1

The location of the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro played a significant role in their development due to several reasons:

1. Access to water: Both Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were located near the Indus River, which provided a reliable water source for irrigation and agricultural practices. The presence of a nearby river helped in the development of a sophisticated system of canals and water management techniques, allowing the cities to flourish agriculturally and sustain a large population.

2. Trade and transportation: The cities were strategically located along major trade routes, allowing them to serve as important commercial centers. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural influences between the regions of the ancient Indus Valley civilization. The flow of trade along these routes contributed to economic growth and development in these cities.

3. Fertile land: The region surrounding Harappa and Mohenjo-daro was characterized by fertile alluvial soil, which was suitable for agriculture. The presence of fertile land enabled the growth of various crops, such as wheat, barley, and cotton, providing sustenance to the population and promoting agricultural prosperity. The surplus agricultural produce could be traded, further enhancing the economic development of the cities.

4. Natural defense: The cities were strategically located on higher ground, providing natural defense against floods and potential invasions. The elevated position helped protect the cities from the annual monsoon floods that occurred in the region. Additionally, the cities were fortified with defensive walls, suggesting that the inhabitants were conscious of the need for security, showcasing the significance of their location.

Overall, the favorable geographical positions of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, with access to water, trade routes, fertile land, and natural defenses, were vital factors contributing to their development as important urban centers during ancient times.