I don't have the ability to access external articles or files. However, I can provide information on how religion influenced the pharaoh and the government in ancient Egypt based on historical knowledge.
In ancient Egypt, religion played a pivotal role in the government and the authority of the pharaoh. Here are some key points:
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Divine Kingship: Pharaohs were considered both political leaders and divine figures. They were seen as gods on earth, specifically the earthly embodiment of Horus during their reign and Osiris after death. This belief legitimized their rule and provided them with absolute power.
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Centralization of Power: The intertwining of religion and governance allowed the pharaoh to centralize power and maintain control over the vast empire. State and religion were not separate; the religious leaders (priests) and the government often worked hand in hand.
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Maat: The concept of Maat, which represented truth, balance, and order, was critical in governance. The pharaoh was responsible for maintaining Maat in society, and their ability to do so was a key factor in their legitimacy and divine favor. This concept guided laws and societal norms.
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Building Temples and Monuments: Pharaohs invested heavily in the construction of temples and monuments to honor the gods and themselves. These projects were not only religious but also political statements of power and divine endorsement.
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Religious Festivals and Rituals: The pharaoh played a central role in religious festivals and rituals, which were important for maintaining social order and divine favor. These ceremonies reinforced the bond between the gods, the pharaoh, and the people.
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Afterlife Beliefs: Religion shaped policies concerning the afterlife, which included elaborate burial practices and the construction of tombs, like the pyramids. An effective afterlife was seen as crucial for both the pharaoh and the state.
In summary, religion was a fundamental aspect of governance and authority in ancient Egypt, intertwining with the social, political, and cultural fabric of society, ensuring that the pharaoh maintained control and stability. If you have specific points from the article you'd like to discuss, feel free to share!