Progressives, particularly during the Progressive Era in the United States (roughly from the 1890s to the 1920s), believed they could improve society through a combination of social, political, and economic reforms. Here are some key aspects of their beliefs and strategies:
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Government Reform: Progressives pushed for a more active role of government in addressing social issues. They advocated for the elimination of corruption in politics, leading to reforms like the direct election of senators (17th Amendment), the establishment of initiatives and referendums, and measures to reduce the influence of big money in politics.
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Labor Rights: Many progressives were concerned about the rights and conditions of workers. They advocated for labor laws, including the establishment of an eight-hour workday, better wages, child labor laws, and the right to organize and strike.
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Social Justice: Progressives sought to address the needs of marginalized and disadvantaged groups including women, children, and minorities. This included advocating for women's suffrage, child welfare, and civil rights for African Americans and other marginalized communities.
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Public Health and Safety: There was a strong emphasis on improving public health through sanitation reforms, better housing, and workplace safety regulations. Initiatives included food and drug regulation (e.g., the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906) and public health campaigns against diseases.
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Environmental Conservation: Progressives also placed importance on conservation and the responsible management of natural resources. Leaders like President Theodore Roosevelt championed efforts to protect natural parks and regulate industries that harmed the environment.
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Education and Social Services: Progressives believed that education could serve as a tool for empowerment and social mobility. They promoted public education reforms and the establishment of social services to meet the needs of the urban poor.
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Scientific and Technical Expertise: Many progressives emphasized the application of scientific principles to social issues, often referred to as "scientific management." They believed that experts and data-driven approaches could lead to more effective governance and social reform.
Overall, progressives viewed society as capable of improvement through concentrated efforts for reform and the belief in the potential of government and civil society to affect positive change. Their legacy laid much of the groundwork for modern American social initiatives and policies.
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