Temporary hardness is caused by dissolved calcium hydrogencarbonate (which is removed by boiling). Permanent hardness is caused by dissolved calcium sulfate (which is not removed by boiling). Water can be softened using washing soda or an ion-exchange resin.
The so-called permutite process is a zeolite based ion-exchange resin, you replace the calcium ions in the water by adding sodium ions to the water. You need to do reading on watersoftening.
How can we remove temporary as well as permanent hardness of water by permutit process?
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