How are extrusive rocks formed?

Question

Magma gets trapped inside Earth and cools to rock.
Volcanoes apply force to solid rocks and eject them.
Magma gets forced to Earth’s surface and cools to rock.
Volcanoes trap lava inside Earth, where it cools to rock.

Answer 1

Extrusive rocks, also known as volcanic rocks, are formed when magma reaches the Earth's surface, either through volcanic eruptions or lava flows, and cools rapidly to form solid rock. Therefore, the correct statement is:

Magma gets forced to Earth’s surface and cools to rock.

This process typically occurs during volcanic activity, where lava is expelled from a volcano and cools quickly in contact with the atmosphere or water, leading to the formation of various types of extrusive igneous rocks, such as basalt and pumice.