To determine the maximum number of stories that can be constructed before friction losses prevent proper valve operation, we need to calculate the pressure loss due to friction as the water flows through the piping to each floor.
Using the Hazen-Williams formula, which is commonly used for sizing water supply systems:
P = (4.52Q1.85L10.67/C1.85)d4.87
where:
P = pressure loss due to friction (psi)
Q = flow rate (gpm)
L = length of pipe (feet)
C = Hazen-Williams coefficient (dimensionless)
d = inside diameter of pipe (inches)
Assuming the flow rate is 10 gpm, the length of pipe from floor to floor is the height of the building divided by the number of stories, and the inside diameter of the pipe is 4 inches (since 4 type-L copper corresponds to a 4-inch nominal diameter), the pressure loss for each story can be calculated using a Hazen-Williams coefficient of 130 for copper piping:
P = (4.52 x 10^1.85 x (1 story height/number of stories)10.67/1301.85)4.87
P = 3.3 x (1/number of stories)^1.85
For example, for a 2-story building, the pressure loss would be:
P = 3.3 x (1/2)^1.85
P = 1.6 psi
To ensure that the minimum working pressure of 25 psi is maintained at each flush valve, the pressure loss for each story cannot exceed 25 - 50 = -25 psi (since lower pressures can cause valve malfunctions).
Solving for the maximum number of stories:
3.3 x (1/number of stories)^1.85 <= -25
(1/number of stories)^1.85 <= -25/3.3
1/number of stories <= (-25/3.3)^0.54
number of stories >= 1/(-25/3.3)^0.54
number of stories >= 6.7
Therefore, the maximum number of stories that can be constructed before friction losses prevent proper valve operation is D. This floor only.
His cold-water supply system serves a bathroom in a multistory building. The architect
directed the piping to be installed in the wall cavities with the main branch above ceiling
level. The supply pipe construction is 4 type-L copper. The building supply is capable of
maintaining a flow rate of 10 gallons per minute. The walls contain a 6-inch cavity, and the
ceilings contain a 12-inch cavity. Consider the installation to be centered in the available
cavity space.
If the cold-water supply pressure to the floor represented in the drawing measures 50 psi
and the flush-valve manufacturer specifies a minimum working pressure of 25 psi, how many
stories can be constructed before friction losses prevent proper valve operation?
A. None including this floor
B. This floor and one more story
C. This floor and two more stories
D. This floor only
5 answers
Solve for x. -8x+44>_60 and -4x+50<58
-8x + 44 ≥ 60
Subtracting 44 from both sides, we get:
-8x ≥ 16
Dividing both sides by -8 (and reversing the inequality since we are dividing by a negative number), we get:
x ≤ -2
Next:
-4x + 50 < 58
Subtracting 50 from both sides, we get:
-4x < 8
Dividing both sides by -4 (and reversing the inequality), we get:
x > -2
Putting the two inequalities together, we get:
-2 < x ≤ -2
This means that the solution for x is x = -2.
Subtracting 44 from both sides, we get:
-8x ≥ 16
Dividing both sides by -8 (and reversing the inequality since we are dividing by a negative number), we get:
x ≤ -2
Next:
-4x + 50 < 58
Subtracting 50 from both sides, we get:
-4x < 8
Dividing both sides by -4 (and reversing the inequality), we get:
x > -2
Putting the two inequalities together, we get:
-2 < x ≤ -2
This means that the solution for x is x = -2.
3. What conclusion could the marketing team make about male and female preferences for veggie pizza? Justify your answer.
Without any data or research to draw from, it is impossible to make a reliable conclusion about male and female preferences for veggie pizza. Preferences for food can be influenced by a wide range of factors, including cultural background, personal tastes, dietary restrictions, and individual preferences.
However, if a study were conducted and significant differences were found between male and female preferences for veggie pizza, conclusions could be drawn based on the results of the study. For example, if the study found that a higher proportion of women than men preferred veggie pizza, the marketing team could consider adjusting their marketing strategy to target more women. Alternatively, if the study found that men preferred veggie pizza more than women, the marketing team could consider using this information to develop more effective targeted marketing strategies for male audiences. Ultimately, the conclusions that can be drawn about male and female preferences for veggie pizza (or any other type of food) are dependent on the data and research available.
However, if a study were conducted and significant differences were found between male and female preferences for veggie pizza, conclusions could be drawn based on the results of the study. For example, if the study found that a higher proportion of women than men preferred veggie pizza, the marketing team could consider adjusting their marketing strategy to target more women. Alternatively, if the study found that men preferred veggie pizza more than women, the marketing team could consider using this information to develop more effective targeted marketing strategies for male audiences. Ultimately, the conclusions that can be drawn about male and female preferences for veggie pizza (or any other type of food) are dependent on the data and research available.