Heavy metal pollution has become a significant environmental issue, posing risks to both environmental and human health. Phytoremediation is an alternative technique that can be employed to treat industrial wastewater for reducing water pollution. Phytoremediation offers a promising solution to this problem by utilizing the natural abilities of plants to accumulate and stabilize heavy metals in contaminated soils and water bodies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phytoremediation process of Centella Asiatica, its advantages, and the role of Centella Asiatica in heavy metal including (lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic) pollution monitoring and remediation.
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Centella Asiatica, also known as Gotu Kola, is a commonly used medicinal plant that has been found to have excellent phytoremediation properties. Its ability to absorb heavy metals from contaminated soil and water, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, makes it a valuable resource in environmental cleanup efforts. The plant's deep-rooting system enables it to reach and extract heavy metals from lower soil layers, effectively reducing the concentration of pollutants in the environment. Additionally, Centella Asiatica has been shown to enhance soil microbial activity, which can further facilitate the degradation of heavy metals. Its natural resilience and adaptability to various environmental conditions make it an ideal candidate for phytoremediation projects in contaminated sites worldwide.