Heat is the energy of moving particles. As something gets hotter, what happens to the speed of particles in that substance?

Question

What do these chemical tests detect?

Iodine Test ________________________
Benedict’s Test ________________________
Vinegar Test ________________________

Use more dense than, less dense than, or the same density as to complete the following statement about density

Styrofoam is _______________________ steel.

An ice cube is _______________________ an iceberg

Water is _________________________ air.

A person is _________________________ a paperclip

Describe the difference between mass and weight.

Name 2 synthetic materials and explain what natural resources were required to produce them

1.

2.

Answer 1

Heat and Particle Motion

As something gets hotter, the speed of particles in that substance increases. This means that the particles move more rapidly as temperature rises.

Chemical Tests

• Iodine Test: This test detects the presence of starch in a substance.
• Benedict’s Test: This test detects the presence of reducing sugars (such as glucose) in a solution.
• Vinegar Test: This test detects the presence of acetic acid, indicating the presence of vinegar.

Density Statements

Styrofoam is less dense than steel.

An ice cube is less dense than an iceberg.

Water is more dense than air.

A person is more dense than a paperclip.

Difference Between Mass and Weight

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, typically measured in grams or kilograms, and it does not change regardless of location. Weight, on the other hand, is the force exerted by gravity on an object and can vary depending on the gravitational field strength (e.g., weight is less on the Moon than on Earth). Weight is typically measured in newtons or pounds.

Synthetic Materials and Their Natural Resources

1. Plastic (Polyethylene): To produce polyethylene, natural resources required include petroleum (oil) and natural gas, which serve as raw materials in the chemical process to create the plastic polymer.

2. Nylon: To produce nylon, natural resources required include crude oil, which is refined into the chemicals needed for creating nylon through a polymerization process.