The use of propaganda has evolved significantly over time, particularly in its methods and reach. Historically, propaganda was disseminated through traditional mass media, such as newspapers, posters, radio, and films. During World War I and World War II, for instance, governments on both sides launched propaganda campaigns to encourage enlistment and influence public perception of the war and its adversaries. These campaigns were characterized by carefully crafted messages that often downplayed the brutal realities of combat while amplifying fears and misconceptions about enemy nations.
With the rise of the internet and digital communication, the landscape of propaganda has changed dramatically. Today, the ease of access to online platforms allows governments, corporations, and individuals to create and share misleading information quickly, giving rise to phenomena like "fake news." Unlike the structured approaches of traditional propaganda, the digital realm fosters a more decentralized and rapid spread of information, enabling anyone with internet access to contribute. Additionally, modern propaganda has diversified beyond wartime and political themes to include viral content, blogs, and sensational headlines designed to attract viewers. This shift not only broadens the avenues for dissemination but also enhances the potential impact of propaganda on shaping public opinion across a global audience, often making it less discernible to the average person.