Harvard references on effects of social stratification in relation to health

Answer 1

Here are three Harvard references discussing the effects of social stratification on health:

1. Berkman, L. F., & Kawachi, I. (2000). Social Epidemiology. Social Epidemiology, Harvard University Press.

This book introduces the basic concepts and principles of social epidemiology, examining the ways in which social factors such as social stratification and socioeconomic status influence health outcomes. It discusses the evidence linking social inequalities to health disparities and explores the mechanisms through which social stratification affects individual and population health.

2. Kawachi, I., & Berkman, L. F. (2003). Neighborhoods and Health. Oxford University Press.

This book explores the role of neighborhoods in shaping health outcomes, with a specific focus on the impact of socioeconomic disparities in neighborhoods. It discusses various dimensions of social stratification within neighborhoods, such as income inequality and residential segregation, and their effects on health outcomes. The authors provide evidence-based insights into the mechanisms linking social stratification in neighborhoods to differential health risks and disease burdens.

3. Phelan, J. C., Link, B. G., & Tehranifar, P. (2010). Social Conditions as Fundamental Causes of Health Inequalities: Theory, Evidence, and Policy Implications. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(S), S28-S40.

This article presents the concept of "fundamental causes" as an explanation for the persistence of health inequalities. It argues that social stratification, through its influence on access to resources and opportunities, shapes individuals' ability to avoid risks and protect their health. The authors discuss the mechanisms through which social stratification affects health outcomes, highlighting the importance of socioeconomic status as a key determinant of health disparities.