To express the statement "1 is to 2 as 5 is to x" in fractional notation, you want to set up a proportion. The correct representation is:
\[ \frac{1}{2} = \frac{5}{x} \]
So, the answer is:
Start Fraction 1 over 2 End Fraction equals Start Fraction 5 over x End Fraction (or simply \(\frac{1}{2} = \frac{5}{x}\)).
You can also see this expressed as \(1:2 = 5:x\), but the fractional notation is the direct conversion to proportions.