Give the IUPAC substitutive names for the seven isomeric aldydes and ketones with the fomular C5 H10O

Answer 1

The molecular formula \( \text{C}5\text{H}{10}\text{O} \) represents a range of structural isomers, including both aldehydes and ketones. Here are the IUPAC names for the five aldehydes and two ketones with this formula:

Aldehydes:

1. Pentanal (also known as n-valeraldehyde)
2. 3-Methylbutanal
3. 2-Methylbutanal
4. 2-Pentanal (or 2-pentanal, but the position isn't typical as it is just another name for pentanal)
5. 4-Methylpentanal

Ketones:

1. 2-Pentanone
2. 3-Pentanone

These names represent the distinct structural isomers of the given molecular formula \( \text{C}5\text{H}{10}\text{O} \), where the position and branching can lead to different isomers.