Genetic Continuity via Binary fission, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Question

Genetic Continuity via Binary fission, Mitosis, and Meiosis
Genetic Continuity is the _________________ / ___________________ of a ______________________ via
______________________ , ______________________ , and/or ______________________.
• When a cell ______________________, the resulting two daughter cells have the ______________________
______________________ and type of ______________________ as the original parent cell
(______________________ , ______________________ ).
• When two ______________________ ______________________ organisms mate, the
______________________ have the ______________________ ______________________ of
______________________ as the parent organisms (______________________).
Binary Fission is a type of ______________________ reproduction when an organism ______________________ /
______________________ it’s ______________________ and ______________________ in half.
• Occurs in ______________________ ______________________ (______________________).
• Lacks a ______________________, genetic material found in a ______________________.
• Prokaryotic cells are ______________________ and less ______________________ than Eukaryotic cells – so
the process of binary fusion is __________________ and __________________ than mitosis.
• No ______________________ needed so uses less __________________ to ______________________.
• Errors in ______________________ (mutations) in Prokaryotic cells introduces more ______________________
__________________ and often crucial for their ______________________.
• Most prokaryotic/bacteria cells are genetically ______________________ so one thing could
______________________ out the population (______________________ __________________).
Steps of Binary Fission
1. Chromosome ______________________ begins. Soon thereafter, one
______________________ or the origin moves rapidly toward the
______________________ __________________ of the cell.
2. ______________________ continues. One copy of the ______________________ is
now at ______________________ __________________ of the cell.
3. Replication finishes. The plasma membrane grows ______________________, and a
new __________________ __________________ is deposited.
4. Two __________________ cells result.
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QUESTION: Why does binary fission occur so rapidly in the video?
Genetic Continuity through Mitosis
• Consistently replicates ______________________
__________________ from parent cell to two
______________________ cells.
• Done for ______________________ , __________________
, and __________________ of single organism cells (one
person), helps humans to reach the process of ______________________ during puberty.
• Result = ______________________ daughter cells with the same amount of ______________________
__________________ as the ______________________ cell.
Genetic Continuity through Meiosis
• Meiosis goes through ______________________
cycles of the _______________ _______________.
• Meiosis helps provide genetic
______________________ in resulting
______________________ by
______________________ __________________ during prophase || which produces new
______________________ in the cell ( ______________________ __________________).
• Four ______________________ daughter cells called ______________________ (sperm or egg) with
______________________ the DNA of the original ______________________ are produced at the end of
Meiosis.
• Each gamete (____________ or __________) contains a mixture of genes from two different
______________________ chromosomes in sexual reproduction, which also ______________________ genetic
diversity.
• The end result is more ______________________ __________________ within a sexually reproducing

GPT-4o mini · Answer

Genetic Continuity is the **preservation** / **transmission** of a **genetic blueprint** via **binary fission**, **mitosis**, and/or **meiosis**. - When a cell **reproduces**, the resulting two daughter cells have the **identical genetic information** and type of **genetic material** as the original parent cell (**DNA**, **chromosomes**). - When two **genetically distinct** organisms mate, the **offspring** have the **genetic information** of **both** parent organisms (**genes**). Binary Fission is a type of **asexual** reproduction when an organism **duplicates** / **replicates** its **genetic material** and **splits** in half. - Occurs in **prokaryotic organisms** (**bacteria**). - Lacks a **nucleus**, genetic material found in a **eukaryotic cell**. - Prokaryotic cells are **simpler** and less **complex** than Eukaryotic cells – so the process of binary fission is **quicker** and **more efficient** than mitosis. - No **specialized structures** needed so uses less **energy** to **reproduce**. - Errors in **replication** (mutations) in Prokaryotic cells introduce more **genetic variation** and often crucial for their **adaptation**. - Most prokaryotic/bacterial cells are genetically **similar** so one mutation could **spread** out the population (**clonal expansion**). Steps of Binary Fission 1. Chromosome **replication** begins. Soon thereafter, one **copy** or the origin moves rapidly toward the **opposite pole** of the cell. 2. **Replication** continues. One copy of the **chromosome** is now at **opposite ends** of the cell. 3. Replication finishes. The plasma membrane grows **inward**, and a new **cell wall** is deposited. 4. Two **daughter** cells result. **Question: Why does binary fission occur so rapidly in the video?** Binary fission occurs rapidly due to the simple structure of prokaryotic cells, which allows for quick DNA replication and division without the complexities found in eukaryotic cell division. Genetic Continuity through Mitosis - Consistently replicates **genetic material** from parent cell to two **daughter** cells. - Done for **growth**, **repair**, and **replacement** of single organism cells (one person), helps humans to reach the process of **maturity** during puberty. - Result = **two identical** daughter cells with the same amount of **genetic material** as the **parent** cell. Genetic Continuity through Meiosis - Meiosis goes through **two distinct** cycles of the **cell division**. - Meiosis helps provide genetic **diversity** in resulting **gametes** by **crossing over events** during prophase II which produces new **combinations of alleles** in the cell (**genetic recombination**). - Four **haploid** daughter cells called **gametes** (sperm or egg) with **half** the DNA of the original **diploid** cell are produced at the end of Meiosis. - Each gamete (**sperm** or **egg**) contains a mixture of genes from two different **parental** chromosomes in sexual reproduction, which also **increases** genetic diversity. - The end result is more **genetic variation** within a sexually reproducing population.