Here's the categorization of each statement according to Newton's Three Laws:
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When riding the bumper cars at the fair, you bump into your friend and your car bounces backwards.
- Newton's 3rd Law (For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.)
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A ball is rolling straight across the floor until Bradley kicks it.
- Newton's 1st Law (An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force.)
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A bowling ball and a baseball both roll across your foot at the same speed. The bowling ball hurts much more.
- Newton's 2nd Law (F = ma; this statement illustrates that the mass of an object affects the force it exerts when in motion.)
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Your car breaks down. As your friends help you push it, it begins to move and speed up.
- Newton's 2nd Law (F = ma; the friends apply a force to the car, causing it to accelerate.)
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A fireman turns on his hose and is knocked backwards.
- Newton's 3rd Law (For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction; the water being pushed out creates a force that pushes the fireman backwards.)
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A soccer ball will not move until a player kicks it.
- Newton's 1st Law (An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.)
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F = ma
- Newton's 2nd Law (This is the mathematical statement of Newton's Second Law of Motion.)
This organization provides a clear understanding of which of Newton's laws corresponds to each scenario.