For each statement below, indicate which of Newton's Three Laws the statement represents. A ball rolls directly across the floor until Luis gives it a kick. Both a bowling ball and a tennis ball rolls over your foot at identical speeds, but the force of the bowling ball causes much more pain. Your riding lawn mower stalls, and as your friend pushes it, the force helps the lawn mower move until it gradually accelerates. A firefighter turns on a water hose and is pushed backward by the force. A soccer ball remains stationary until a player kicks it into motion.

Answer 1

Here are the statements categorized according to Newton's Three Laws of Motion:

1. A ball rolls directly across the floor until Luis gives it a kick.

   • Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia): An object in motion stays in motion, and an object at rest stays at rest until acted upon by an external force.

2. Both a bowling ball and a tennis ball rolls over your foot at identical speeds, but the force of the bowling ball causes much more pain.

   • Newton's Second Law (F=ma): The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The bowling ball has more mass, resulting in a greater force (and therefore pain) compared to the tennis ball.

3. Your riding lawn mower stalls, and as your friend pushes it, the force helps the lawn mower move until it gradually accelerates.

   • Newton's Second Law (F=ma): The friend applying force causes the lawn mower to accelerate.

4. A firefighter turns on a water hose and is pushed backward by the force.

   • Newton's Third Law (Action and Reaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The force of the water being expelled from the hose pushes the firefighter backward.

5. A soccer ball remains stationary until a player kicks it into motion.

   • Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia): The soccer ball remains at rest until an external force (the player's kick) acts on it to change its state of motion.