To find the greatest common factor (GCF) of \( 40a + 16 \), we need to identify the common factors of the coefficients of the terms.
- The coefficients are 40 and 16.
- The prime factorization of 40 is \( 2^3 \times 5 \).
- The prime factorization of 16 is \( 2^4 \).
Now, we identify the lowest power of common prime factors:
- The only common prime factor is \( 2 \).
- The minimum power of \( 2 \) is \( 2^3 \) (from 40).
Thus, the GCF of \( 40a + 16 \) is \( 2^3 = 8 \).
So, the answer is 8.