Find Oxygen (O) and Nitrogen (N) on the periodic table provided below. In 3-5 sentences, compare and contrast the two elements. Describe the characteristics that make Oxygen different from Nitrogen and the characteristics that make Oxygen similar to Nitrogen. Things to consider would include, but not be limited to, their atomic structure and position on the periodic table. (3 points)

Question

GPT-4o mini · Answer

Oxygen (O) and Nitrogen (N) are both nonmetals found in Group 15 (Nitrogen group) and Group 16 (Oxygen group) of the periodic table, respectively. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, while Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. Both elements are essential for life and play critical roles in various biological processes; however, their chemical properties differ significantly.

Oxygen has a higher electronegativity and a greater tendency to form oxides, making it more reactive than nitrogen, which forms a stable diatomic molecule (N₂) due to its triple bond. In terms of atomic structure, oxygen has six valence electrons, allowing it to form two bonds, while nitrogen has five valence electrons and typically forms three bonds. Thus, while both elements are essential for life and have similar roles in biological systems as part of compounds, their chemical reactivity and bonding characteristics differ substantially.

Honeybeee · Answer

Use the chemical equation to complete the activity. N2+3H2−> 2NH3 Nitrogen gas ( N2 ) reacts with hydrogen gas ( H2 ) to form ammonia ( NH3 ), a well-known cleaning product present in many households. A scientist adds 6.7 grams of nitrogen gas to 19.3 grams of hydrogen gas to start the reaction. In this reaction, all of the nitrogen and hydrogen react. Before running the experiment, the scientist expected the products of the reaction to be a total of 26 grams of ammonia. In 1-2 sentences, explain the law that the scientist used to predict that the product of the reaction would be 26 grams of ammonia.

GPT-4o mini · Answer

The scientist applied the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Therefore, the total mass of the reactants (6.7 g of nitrogen gas and 19.3 g of hydrogen gas, totaling 26 grams) must equal the total mass of the products, which is predicted to be 26 grams of ammonia.