Here's the completed chart for the phase changes regarding kinetic energy and potential energy:
| State of Matter | Kinetic Energy | Potential Energy | |--------------------|----------------|-------------------| | Liquid to Gas | Increase | Increase | | Liquid to Solid | Decrease | Decrease | | Solid to Liquid | Increase | Decrease | | Solid to Gas | Increase | Increase | | Gas to Liquid | Decrease | Decrease | | Gas to Solid | Decrease | Increase |
Explanations:
- Liquid to Gas: Kinetic energy increases because the molecules move faster, and potential energy also increases as the molecules spread apart.
- Liquid to Solid: Kinetic energy decreases as the molecules slow down, and potential energy decreases as the molecules come closer together.
- Solid to Liquid: Kinetic energy increases as heat is added, causing molecules to move more freely, while potential energy decreases as the molecules are moving closer together.
- Solid to Gas: Kinetic energy increases significantly as the molecules gain energy and move apart, and potential energy also increases due to increased separation.
- Gas to Liquid: Kinetic energy decreases as gas cools and molecules lose energy, and potential energy decreases as they come closer together.
- Gas to Solid: Kinetic energy decreases significantly as particles lose energy and come close to each other, while potential energy increases as the structure becomes more ordered.
Feel free to ask any follow-up questions or for further clarifications!