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Nucleic Acids
• The information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next-
____________________________- is stored in nucleic acids
• Made of C,H,O,N, and _____
• Nucleic acids are assembled from individual units called ______________________________________
• 2 Most important nucleic acids
o DNA (_________________________________________________________)
o RNA (_________________________________________________________)
• The genetic information is stored in ___________________.
• It is _________________________ into RNA, and then __________________________ used to direct
the production of ___________________________________!
• Sketch (make a simple drawing) or write a description of the three parts of a nucleotide:
• In living things ________________________ is stored in a molecule of
____________________________________________________________.
• Energy is ________________________________in chemical bonds between phosphates
• Energy is _______________________when the bond is ______________ and one phosphate is released
• ________________________________________________ is produced when the phosphate is released
• Sketch or write a description of the STEPS of the ATP/ADP Cycle:

1 answer

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Nucleic Acids

  • The information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next - genetic information - is stored in nucleic acids.
  • Made of C, H, O, N, and Phosphorus.
  • Nucleic acids are assembled from individual units called nucleotides.
  • 2 Most Important Nucleic Acids:
    • DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
    • RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
  • The genetic information is stored in the sequence of nucleotides.
  • It is transcribed into RNA, and then translated used to direct the production of proteins!

Nucleotide Structure

  • A nucleotide consists of three parts:
    1. A phosphate group
    2. A sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA)
    3. A nitrogenous base (A, T, C, G in DNA; A, U, C, G in RNA).

Energy in Nucleic Acids

  • In living things, energy is stored in a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
  • Energy is stored in chemical bonds between phosphates.
  • Energy is released when the bond is broken and one phosphate is released.
  • Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is produced when the phosphate is released.

ATP/ADP Cycle Steps

  1. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is utilized for cellular work, such as muscle contraction or active transport.
  2. During this process, one phosphate group is removed from ATP, converting it to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) and releasing energy for cellular activities.
  3. ADP can be regenerated back to ATP by adding a phosphate group through cellular respiration or other metabolic processes, such as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria.
  4. The cycle continues as ATP is used for energy, then converted to ADP, and then recharged back to ATP.

Feel free to ask for a sketch or further details if necessary!