A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a variation in a single nucleotide (A, T, C, or G) of DNA that occurs at a specific position in the genome, which can be observed in a population. SNPs can affect a variety of traits, such as susceptibility to certain diseases, behavior, and physical characteristics.
An example of a SNP is the A/G polymorphism in the MTHFR gene. The MTHFR gene is involved in folate metabolism and the A/G polymorphism results in an amino acid change in the MTHFR protein. This SNP has been associated with several diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cancer. Additionally, it has been linked to the effectiveness of certain medications, such as methotrexate, which is used to treat certain cancers and autoimmune diseases.
Explain what a Single nucleotide polymorphism is and give an example thereof
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