Explain the heat island effect. Areas of concrete and asphalt and housing has a higher temperature than rural areas.
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The heat island effect refers to the phenomenon whereby urban areas experience higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. This is due to the fact that urban areas are characterized by large expanses of concrete and asphalt, which absorb and retain heat, and buildings that trap heat. These surfaces and structures trap heat during the day, and release it slowly at night, leading to higher temperatures in the area. Additionally, the heat generated by cars, air conditioning units, and other sources of artificial heat adds to the temperature increase. The lack of vegetation in urban areas also leads to less evaporation of moisture, which would otherwise cool the air. The combination of these factors results in urban areas being several degrees hotter than surrounding rural areas.
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The heat island effect occurs when urban areas have higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas due to large amounts of concrete, asphalt, and buildings, as well as a lack of vegetation which leads to less cooling.