Explain the following terms:

Question

Zygomorphic flower symmetry
Inferior ovary
Simple umbel
Monadelphously fused stamens

Answer 1

Zygomorphic flower symmetry: This refers to a type of flower symmetry where the flower can be divided into two equal halves only along one plane, resulting in a mirror image. This is also called bilateral symmetry and is commonly seen in orchids, snapdragons, and sweet peas.

Inferior ovary: This refers to the position of the ovary in a flower. An inferior ovary is located below the attachment point of the other flower parts (such as the petals, sepals, and stamens) and is partially or completely enclosed by the flower tube and receptacle. This is commonly seen in fruits like apples, pears, and strawberries.

Simple umbel: This refers to a type of inflorescence (arrangement of flowers on a stem) where the flowers are arranged in a flat or rounded top, with each flower originating from the same point on the stem, like the spokes of an umbrella. In a simple umbel, the flowers are attached directly to the stem or to a short stalk (pedicel).

Monadelphously fused stamens: This refers to a condition where the stamens (male reproductive parts) of a flower are fused or joined together by their filaments (thread-like stalks). In this case, all the stamens in the flower are fused into a single unit, except one. This is commonly seen in flowers from the pea family (Fabaceae).