1. Hostile Attribution Bias: This bias refers to the tendency to interpret ambiguous interactions or behaviors from others as being hostile or aggressive in nature. People who exhibit hostile attribution bias are more likely to perceive neutral actions as intentionally harmful. For example, someone with this bias may interpret a friend's casual comment as being a personal attack.
2. Hostile Perception Bias: This bias involves perceiving the world in a way that reinforces one's negative beliefs about others. People with hostile perception bias often focus on negative information and ignore positive aspects of a situation. For instance, someone with this bias may overlook a co-worker's helpful actions and instead focus on any mistakes they make.
3. Hostile Expectation Bias: This bias occurs when individuals expect others to act in a hostile or aggressive manner towards them. This can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy, where the person's behavior elicits a negative response from others. For example, if someone expects to be treated unfairly in a social situation, they may act defensively or aggressively, which in turn may cause others to react negatively towards them.
These hostile cognitive biases can have a significant impact on interpersonal relationships and can lead to misunderstandings, conflicts, and even aggression. It is important to be aware of these biases and work towards challenging and changing them in order to promote more positive and constructive interactions with others.
Explain the 3 hostile cognitive biases- hostile attribution bias, hostile perception bias and hostile expectation bais and give examples
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