The Constitution can be amended in two ways. The first way is through a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate, followed by ratification from three-fourths of the state legislatures or by conventions in three-fourths of the states. The second way is by calling a constitutional convention, where two-thirds of state legislatures request amendments, which then also require ratification from three-fourths of the states.
An example of why the Constitution would need to be amended is to address issues of voting rights; for instance, the 19th Amendment was ratified to grant women the right to vote, reflecting a significant societal change regarding gender equality. Without such amendments, the Constitution would not adapt to evolving values and rights within society. Additionally, as society progresses, new challenges and injustices emerge, emphasizing the need for a living Constitution that can be updated to ensure it remains relevant and fair.