Erosion involves _______. It is wearing down _______into smaller pieces and then taking them _______. Weathering _______down rocks, either _______or chemically, but does not _______them anywhere. Weathering and _______are responsible for canyons, sea _______, valleys, and _______caves. The Grand Canyon was caused by weathering and _______.

Rocky _______frequently have headlands, a high _______piece of land that juts out into the _______. Weathering and _______, in the form of ocean waves and _______, break down the _______and wash it away. The salt _______also dissolves some of the rocks in the headlands. A sea arch is created when a _______forms through the headland. Eventually, more _______will remove more weathered _______and the arch will collapse, resulting in a sea stack.

Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah has many _______in it. Like the sea arches and sea _______, the hoodoos are created through _______and erosion, but this time on _______rather than the sea. _______wedging is the primary _______action. The strange shapes are due to the different _______in the rock and the different speeds of weathering and _______.

Ice can both _______and erode. Ice can weather _______during frost _______when it breaks the rocks. It can then _______rocks when it _______them from one location to _______. Glaciers are rivers of _______that move slowly downhill with _______. During the last ice age, they covered large parts of the _______and left behind many _______. As they move they _______the land underneath them and carry loose _______and rocks. When they _______they leave behind the sediment they picked up. The landforms created include U-shaped _______, polished rock surfaces, _______ponds, and the Great Lakes.

word bank- some words my be used more that once

another
earth
hole
limestone
narrow
sediment
weather
arches
erode
hoodoos
melt
physically
shallow
weathering
away
erosion
ice
minerals
rock(s)
stacks
wedging
breakis
frost
land
move(s)
scrape
valleys
wind
coasts
gravity
landform
movement
sea
water

5 answers

Erosion involves moving. It is wearing down rock(s) into smaller pieces and then taking them away. Weathering breaks down rocks, either physically or chemically, but does not move them anywhere. Weathering and erosion are responsible for canyons, sea arches, valleys, and hoodoos. The Grand Canyon was caused by weathering and erosion.

Rocky coasts frequently have headlands, a high narrow piece of land that juts out into the sea. Weathering and erosion, in the form of ocean waves and water, break down the rock(s) and wash it away. The salt water also dissolves some of the rocks in the headlands. A sea arch is created when a hole forms through the headland. Eventually, more erosion will remove more weathered rock(s) and the arch will collapse, resulting in a sea stack.

Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah has many hoodoos in it. Like the sea arches and sea stacks, the hoodoos are created through weathering and erosion, but this time on land rather than the sea. Frost wedging is the primary weathering action. The strange shapes are due to the different minerals in the rock and the different speeds of weathering and erosion.

Ice can both erode and weather. Ice can weather rock(s) during frost wedging when it breaks the rocks. It can then move rocks when it takes them from one location to another. Glaciers are rivers of ice that move slowly downhill with gravity. During the last ice age, they covered large parts of the earth and left behind many landforms. As they move, they scrape the land underneath them and carry loose sediment and rocks. When they melt, they leave behind the sediment they picked up. The landforms created include U-shaped valleys, polished rock surfaces, shallow ponds, and the Great Lakes.

_______causes erosion. Wind can _______ pieces of rock and sediment along the ground. It can “sandblast” or _______ a surface. It can lift _______ grains into the air and _______ them against rock surfaces. Wind erosion is most frequently seen in _______ areas with little _______ to hold the soil in place. The Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado is reshaped daily by wind erosion.

_________ causes erosion. Wind can ________ pieces of rock and sediment along the ground. It can “sandblast” or ________ a surface. It can lift _______ grains into the air and _______ them against rock surfaces. Wind erosion is most frequently seen in ________ areas with little _______ to hold the soil in place. The Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado is reshaped daily by wind erosion.

At the beginning of this unit, we learned a _______ plate boundary is a plate boundary between two plates that are moving _______ from each other. A transform plate boundary is a _______ between two plates that are sliding past each other. _______ plate boundary is a boundary when one _______ pushes onto the other plate.

How does this impact us, aside from where we might expect volcanoes and earthquakes to occur? Plate _______ exposes natural _______, such as gold, oil, diamonds, copper, and iron. Most deposits of natural resources occur at _______ or past _______ boundaries and hot spots. At these locations _______ and pressure change the chemical _______ of rocks to create new minerals. In Yellowstone NP, extremely hot _______ heated by magma helps create mineral _______. On the sea floor, at _______ ocean boundaries, rising _______ heats seawater and pulls _______ from the crust. The metals dissolve in the superheated water. As the water _______ and cools in the colder sea water the minerals _______, or come out of solution and they are _______ on the sea floor.

word bank- some words are used more than once

away
convergent
groundwater
precipitate
smaller
bounce
deposited
heat
present
smash
boundaries
deposits
magma
resources
vegetation
boundary
divergent
metals
rises
wind
composition
dry
plate
scour

Wind causes erosion. Wind can move pieces of rock and sediment along the ground. It can “sandblast” or scour a surface. It can lift smaller grains into the air and bounce them against rock surfaces. Wind erosion is most frequently seen in dry areas with little vegetation to hold the soil in place. The Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado is reshaped daily by wind erosion.

At the beginning of this unit, we learned a divergent plate boundary is a plate boundary between two plates that are moving away from each other. A transform plate boundary is a boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other. Convergent plate boundary is a boundary when one plate pushes onto the other plate.

How does this impact us, aside from where we might expect volcanoes and earthquakes to occur? Plate boundaries expose natural resources, such as gold, oil, diamonds, copper, and iron. Most deposits of natural resources occur at convergent or past divergent boundaries and hot spots. At these locations, heat and pressure change the chemical composition of rocks to create new minerals. In Yellowstone NP, extremely hot magma heated by magma helps create mineral deposits. On the sea floor, at divergent ocean boundaries, rising magma heats seawater and pulls metals from the crust. The metals dissolve in the superheated water. As the water rises and cools in the colder seawater, the minerals precipitate, or come out of solution, and they are deposited on the sea floor.

Towers of _______deposits that form at vents of superheated water are called _______. _______smokers are made of dark minerals such as _______sulfide. White smokers are made of light minerals such as _______, calcium, and silicon.

When the rocks _______from one type to another due to heat and pressure it is called _______. Many valuable _______ deposits form by metamorphism. This usually occurs at _______zones, where one plate is pushed deep into the mantle.

Petroleum _______are frequently found in folded _______formed by convergent boundaries. _______and natural gas are found at the top of _______. They are trapped by impermeable _______, which prevents fluid movement.

Plate _______shows us that the Earth is constantly _______and moving. Earth’s crust is crushed or _______ (recycled) at _______boundaries and new crust is _______at divergent _______. Over millions of years, the _______and oceans shift _______. When fossils are found in locations that are not currently home to that type of organism, scientists can only conclude the _______moved. There are _______of marine animals in the Grand Canyon, indicating it was once part of a _______. The marine _______fossils were deposited in sedimentary _______that is found on the sea _______. Fossils of giant _______were found on a Mediterranean _______indicating the island was once part of the mainland, the historical _______of the giant rabbit.

word bank- some words may be used more than once

Animal
changing
destroyed
iron
mineral
sea
barium
continents
floor
island
mountains
smokers
black
convergent
folds
landforms
petroleum
subduction
boundaries
created
fossils
locations
rabbits
tectonics
change
deposits
home
metamorphism
rock

Towers of mineral deposits that form at vents of superheated water are called smokers. Black smokers are made of dark minerals such as iron sulfide. White smokers are made of light minerals such as barium, calcium, and silicon.

When the rocks change from one type to another due to heat and pressure, it is called metamorphism. Many valuable mineral deposits form by metamorphism. This usually occurs at subduction zones, where one plate is pushed deep into the mantle.

Petroleum deposits are frequently found in folded mountains formed by convergent boundaries. Petroleum and natural gas are found at the top of folds. They are trapped by impermeable rock, which prevents fluid movement.

Plate tectonics shows us that the Earth is constantly changing and moving. Earth’s crust is crushed or destroyed (recycled) at convergent boundaries, and new crust is created at divergent boundaries. Over millions of years, the continents and oceans shift locations. When fossils are found in locations that are not currently home to that type of organism, scientists can only conclude the continents moved. There are fossils of marine animals in the Grand Canyon, indicating it was once part of a sea. The marine animal fossils were deposited in sedimentary rock that is found on the sea floor. Fossils of giant rabbits were found on a Mediterranean island, indicating the island was once part of the mainland, the historical home of the giant rabbit.