Elections primarily limit the power of the following types of government:
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Authoritarian Governments: In authoritarian regimes, elections may exist but are often controlled or manipulated to suppress genuine political competition and dissent. Competitive elections can challenge and limit the power of such regimes.
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Totalitarian Governments: Totalitarian regimes seek to control all aspects of public and private life, and elections, when they occur, often lack legitimacy. Genuine elections can undermine their absolute control.
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Oligarchies: In oligarchic systems, power is concentrated in the hands of a small group. Elections can empower wider segments of the population, thereby limiting the power of the oligarchs.
Elections may have a limited impact on democracies, as they are a fundamental component of democratic governance intended to empower citizens and check the power of governmental authorities. However, they still function to ensure accountability and provide mechanisms for change in leadership.
In conclusion, elections limit the power of authoritarian governments, totalitarian governments, and oligarchies.