Here’s a breakdown of the relationships you mentioned:
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El/ta hermana(o) menor - This translates to "younger sister" (hermana menor) or "younger brother" (hermano menor) in English.
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Younger brother/sister - This is the English equivalent of "hermano menor" or "hermana menor."
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Great-great-grandfather/ great-great-grandmother - These terms refer to the parents of one's great-grandparents.
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Boyfriend/girlfriend - These terms refer to a romantic partner in an informal relationship.
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Adopted father/mother - This refers to a person who has legally adopted a child, becoming their parent.
If you need help with any specific aspect of these relationships or if you want to know more, feel free to ask!