Earth is in constant motion. It rotates once every 24 hours, which causes day and night. Earth also orbits the Sun once every year. During Earth's orbit, different parts of Earth experience different seasons. For example, the model below shows Earth at a point in its orbit when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere and summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

Question

Label the model.

(1 point)

Drop target 1
Drop target 2
Drop target 3
Drop target 4
Drop target 5
EquatorSouthern HemisphereNorthern HemisphereSouth PoleNorth Pole

Answer 1

To label the model of Earth based on the provided information, here are the appropriate labels for each drop target:

1. Drop target 1: Equator
2. Drop target 2: Northern Hemisphere
3. Drop target 3: Southern Hemisphere
4. Drop target 4: North Pole
5. Drop target 5: South Pole

This labeling reflects the different regions of Earth as it orbits the Sun and experiences varying seasons.

Answer 2

The three models below show the same amount of sunlight striking different parts of Earth's surface at different angles. Select the model that shows the part of Earth's surface that would heat up the least.

(1 point)
Responses

A
A

B
B

C
C

Answer 3

To determine which model shows the part of Earth's surface that would heat up the least, you should consider the angle at which sunlight strikes the surface. Sunlight that hits the surface at a more oblique (less direct) angle spreads the same amount of energy over a larger area, leading to lower heating.

Typically:

• Model A: If the sunlight is striking directly overhead, it heats that area the most.
• Model B: If the sunlight strikes at a moderate angle, it will heat that area less than model A but more than model C.
• Model C: If the sunlight strikes at a very oblique angle, it will heat that area the least.

Therefore, the correct response is C, as it represents the part of Earth’s surface that receives sunlight at the least direct angle, resulting in less heating.

Answer 4

The model below shows the Moon at one position in its orbit around Earth. The white half of the Moon represents the part of the Moon that is lit up by the Sun. Select the phase of the Moon shown in the model.

(1 point)
Responses

Full moon
Full moon

Third Quarter moon
Third Quarter moon

New Moon
New Moon

1st quarter moon
1st quarter moon

Answer 5

To identify the phase of the Moon shown in the model, you need to consider the position of the illuminated part of the Moon as it relates to Earth.

1. Full Moon: The entire face of the Moon is illuminated and visible from Earth.
2. Third Quarter Moon: Half of the Moon is illuminated, and the left half is visible from the Northern Hemisphere (the opposite half in the Southern Hemisphere).
3. New Moon: The Moon is between Earth and the Sun, and the side facing Earth is not illuminated.
4. First Quarter Moon: Half of the Moon is illuminated, and the right half is visible from the Northern Hemisphere (the opposite half in the Southern Hemisphere).

If the model shows the right half of the Moon illuminated, it represents the First Quarter Moon. If the left half is illuminated, it represents the Third Quarter Moon. If the entire face is illuminated, that represents a Full Moon, and if no part is illuminated, it represents a New Moon.

If you can confirm the specifics of the illuminated side in the model, you can select the corresponding answer based on the above descriptions. If the illuminated portion is the right half, select 1st Quarter Moon; if it's the left half, select Third Quarter Moon. If it is fully illuminated, select Full Moon; if not illuminated, select New Moon.

Answer 6

Which two factors determine the strength of gravitational force between two objects?(1 point)
Responses

Mass and Color
Mass and Color

Distance and Shape
Distance and Shape

Mass and Distance
Mass and Distance

Color and Shape

Answer 7

The two factors that determine the strength of gravitational force between two objects are Mass and Distance.

• Mass: The greater the mass of an object, the stronger the gravitational pull it exerts.
• Distance: The greater the distance between two objects, the weaker the gravitational pull between them.

Therefore, the correct response is:

Mass and Distance.

Answer 8

Put the following astronomical bodies into the correct hierarchical order from smallest to largest. (1 point)
Arrange responses in the correct order to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired position and insert response at that position. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can be moved using the up and down arrow keys or by dragging with a mouse.

Star

Galaxy

Meteor

Solar System

Planet

Universe

Answer 9

To arrange the astronomical bodies in order from smallest to largest, the correct hierarchical order is:

1. Meteor (smallest)
2. Planet
3. Star
4. Solar System
5. Galaxy
6. Universe (largest)

So the final order is:

1. Meteor
2. Planet
3. Star
4. Solar System
5. Galaxy
6. Universe

Answer 10

How does physical evidence, such as rock layers, contribute to our understanding of Earth's history?(1 point)
Responses

It helps predict future climate patterns.
It helps predict future climate patterns.

It provides information about ancient human settlements.
It provides information about ancient human settlements.

It reveals the sequence of events that occurred over time.
It reveals the sequence of events that occurred over time.

It demonstrates the impact of human activities on the environment.

Answer 11

The correct response is:

It reveals the sequence of events that occurred over time.

Physical evidence, such as rock layers (strata), helps scientists understand the chronological sequence of geological and biological events in Earth's history, including the formation of the Earth, the development of life, and major changes in the environment.