During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the a anticodon on the mRNA only. b codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA to which the amino acid is attached. c anticodon on the tRNA to which the amino acid is attached only. d codon on the mRNA only.

Answer 1

The correct answer is b: codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA to which the amino acid is attached.

During translation, the ribosome reads the mRNA sequence in codons (three-nucleotide sequences), and the corresponding tRNA pairs with the mRNA via its anticodon, bringing the appropriate amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain.