A storm surge is an abnormal rise in seawater level caused by a storm, primarily hurricanes or tropical storms. It occurs when strong winds from the storm push water toward the shore, resulting in elevated water levels. This phenomenon can lead to significant flooding in coastal areas, especially when combined with high tides.
Key factors influencing the severity of a storm surge include:
- Wind Speed and Direction: Stronger winds can push more water towards the shore.
- Storm Size: Larger storms can affect a broader area, and their wind fields can lead to a more considerable surge.
- Storm Track: The path of the storm influences which areas will experience the highest surges.
- Coastal Topography and Bathymetry: Features such as bays, rivers, and coastal contours can amplify or reduce the surge.
- Tidal Conditions: A storm surge can be exacerbated during high tides, resulting in more significant flooding.
Storm surges can be one of the most dangerous aspects of hurricanes, leading to extensive property damage, erosion, and even loss of life.
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