The description that best fits the foreign policy approach in which the U.S. supported other countries based on whether they shared democratic principles and values is known as "democratic enlargement" or "democracy promotion."
The second option, which mentions equal access with China, does not correspond to a well-defined foreign policy in U.S. history.
The third option, which indicates a foreign policy in which the U.S. supported other countries that promoted America’s diplomatic goals and business interests, can be described as "realpolitik" or "strategic engagement."
If you need to select only one option that fully describes the first approach focused on democratic values, the first option regarding supporting countries based on shared democratic principles is the correct choice.