Do you think realism and liberalism have different or similar theoretical views on the international organizations in the international society?

Answer 1

Realism and liberalism present different theoretical perspectives on international organizations and their roles in international society.

Realism:

1. Skepticism of International Organizations: Realists tend to be skeptical about the effectiveness and importance of international organizations. They view the international system as anarchic, where states prioritize their national interests and security over collective goals.

2. Power Dynamics: Realism emphasizes the role of power and military strength. Realists argue that international organizations are often tools used by powerful states to further their own interests rather than independent actors that can effectively mediate conflicts or ensure cooperation.

3. State-Centric Focus: In a realist perspective, states are the primary actors in international relations. While they may engage with international organizations, their behavior is dictated more by the pursuit of power and survival than by the principles or norms promulgated by these organizations.

Liberalism:

1. Valuable Tools for Cooperation: Liberals view international organizations more positively, seeing them as essential for promoting cooperation, stability, and peace in the international system. They believe that institutions can help mediate disputes, facilitate communication, and foster collaboration between states.

2. Norms and Rules: Liberals emphasize the importance of international norms and rules that organizations can help establish and reinforce. They argue that these norms can shape state behavior, leading to a more predictable and peaceful international environment.

3. Interdependence and Globalization: Liberalism acknowledges the growing interdependence among states in various areas such as economics, environment, and security. International organizations play a critical role in managing this interdependence through frameworks for cooperation and dialogue.

Summary:

In summary, while realism tends to be critical of the utility and effectiveness of international organizations, viewing them as secondary to state power and interests, liberalism sees them as key facilitators of international cooperation and governance. These contrasting views stem from their foundational beliefs about the nature of international relations, especially regarding the role of states, power dynamics, and the significance of norms and institutions.