Marcel Duchamp's 'Fountain,' a readymade sculpture consisting of a urinal turned on its side, is widely considered a groundbreaking work in the art world. Whether it is "successful" as a piece of art can depend on one's perspective on art itself—what constitutes art, the role of the artist, and the importance of concept versus craftsmanship.
Duchamp challenged traditional notions of art by elevating everyday objects to the status of art simply through the act of selection and context. This has sparked significant discussion about the definition and boundaries of art. Many critics and historians argue that 'Fountain' successfully opened up new avenues for artistic expression and contributed to the development of modern art movements, such as conceptual art.
Ultimately, the success of 'Fountain' can be viewed through various lenses—culturally, historically, and theoretically—each offering different conclusions. The piece's enduring influence and the conversations it has generated suggest that, in many ways, Duchamp was indeed successful in creating a significant work of art.