The four main Earth system spheres are:
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Lithosphere: This sphere includes the solid Earth, encompassing the crust and the upper part of the mantle. It consists of solid rock and is characterized by geological processes such as plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
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Atmosphere: This sphere is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth, primarily composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and trace gases. It plays a crucial role in weather, climate, and the protection of life by filtering harmful solar radiation.
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Hydrosphere: This sphere includes all the water on Earth, covering oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and groundwater. It is crucial for all living organisms and influences weather and climate patterns.
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Biosphere: This sphere encompasses all living organisms on Earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It interacts with the other spheres, affecting and being affected by environmental conditions.
Given your question, the Lithosphere is the sphere that contains solid rock both below and at Earth’s surface.