Distinguish between table salt dissolving in water and sugar dissolving in water.

The formula for table sugar is C12H22O11. It freely dissolves in water as the sugar molecules; i.e., it is in solution as C12H22O11. On the other hand, table salt is NaCl. When it dissolves in water it dissociates into sodium ions (Na^+) and chloride ions (Cl^-). I hope this helps.