Summary of Act 1 of Macbeth:
Act 1 of Macbeth introduces the titular character, a brave Scottish general, who encounters three witches on a desolate heath after a victorious battle. They prophesy that he will become the Thane of Cawdor and, ultimately, King of Scotland. Upon hearing this, Macbeth is intrigued but skeptical. Soon after, King Duncan rewards Macbeth for his bravery by granting him the title of Thane of Cawdor, fulfilling the witches' first prophecy.
Meanwhile, Lady Macbeth learns of her husband’s new title and the prophecy. She fears Macbeth is too kind to seize the crown and urges him to act decisively. She declares, “Come, you spirits / That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here,” showcasing her ambition and desire for power.
As Duncan visits their castle, Macbeth grapples with his ambitions and the moral consequences of his potential actions. Despite his hesitation, Lady Macbeth pushes him to murder Duncan to fulfill the prophecy. Macbeth ultimately resolves to commit regicide, stating, “If it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well / It were done quickly.”
The act concludes with Macbeth's internal conflict and the couple's plot to usurp the throne, setting the stage for the ensuing chaos and tragedy.