DID AFRICAN AMERICAN FACE PREJUDICE, SEGREGATION,RACISM,OR ANY COMBINATION OF THE THREE?IF SO HOW AND WHY?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_the_United_States

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1896-1954)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_segregation

Did African Americans face prejudice, segregation, racism or any combination of the three? If so. how and why?