Develop a small-scale investigation that shows how transfer of thermal energy affects temperature of matter. Determine what independent and dependent variables you will use and how many trials you will run. You may refer to scenario examples from practice problems above or from prior lessons where thermal energy transfer occurs. Record your procedures and data on a separate piece of paper, and also create a chart or graph to show data.

Answer 1

Small-Scale Investigation: Investigating the Transfer of Thermal Energy and its Effect on Temperature of Matter

Objective:

To investigate how the transfer of thermal energy affects the temperature of different materials (e.g., water and metal) when they are in contact.

Independent Variable:

• Type of material (e.g., water, metal)

Dependent Variable:

• Temperature of the material (measured in °C)

Controlled Variables:

• Initial temperature of all materials
• Volume of water
• Mass of metal
• Duration of contact time

Materials:

• 100 mL of water (at a known initial temperature of 20°C)
• 100 g of a metal block (e.g., copper or aluminum, at a known initial temperature of 20°C)
• Thermometer
• Stopwatch
• Insulated container (to minimize heat exchange with the environment)
• Stirring rod (for water)
• Graduated cylinder
• Scale (for measuring mass)

Procedure:

1. Preparation: Measure and record the initial temperature of the water using the thermometer. Use a graduated cylinder to ensure you have exactly 100 mL of water.

2. Set up: Place the metal block into the insulated container with the water.

3. Measurement: Use the thermometer to monitor the temperature of the water. Stir the water gently with the stirring rod to ensure uniform temperature distribution.

4. Timing: Start the stopwatch immediately after placing the metal block in the water. Record the temperature of the water every minute for 10 minutes.

5. Repeat: To ensure reliable results, repeat the entire procedure for two additional trials with different types of metal (i.e., one trial with copper and another with aluminum).

6. Recording Data: Record the temperature of the water at each minute interval for all trials systematically in a chart.

Data Collection:

Create a chart to organize your results. The main columns should be "Time (minutes)", "Temperature of Water with Copper (°C)", and "Temperature of Water with Aluminum (°C)".

| Time (minutes) | Temperature of Water with Copper (°C) | Temperature of Water with Aluminum (°C) | |----------------|----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | 0 | 20 | 20 | | 1 | 22 | 21 | | 2 | 24 | 23 | | 3 | 26 | 25 | | 4 | 27 | 26 | | 5 | 28 | 27 | | 6 | 29 | 28 | | 7 | 29 | 29 | | 8 | 30 | 29 | | 9 | 30 | 30 | | 10 | 30 | 30 |

Graphing the Data:

After collecting data, you will create line graphs to represent the temperature change over time:

1. Graph Setup:

   • X-axis: Time (minutes)
   • Y-axis: Temperature (°C)
   • Two lines: One for copper and one for aluminum.

2. Graph Creation:

   • Plot the points from the chart for each material.
   • Connect the data points smoothly to visualize the temperature change over time.

Conclusion:

Analyze the graphs and data collected from your investigation. Discuss:

• Which material transferred thermal energy more effectively?
• How did the temperature change over time compare between different materials?
• What conclusions can you draw about the transfer of thermal energy in different materials?

By completing this investigation, you will better understand the concept of heat transfer and how different materials conduct thermal energy, reflecting on their specific heat capacities and thermal conductivities.

Answer 2

make it a pragraph and not as long

Answer 3

In this small-scale investigation, we aim to explore how the transfer of thermal energy affects the temperature of different materials, specifically water and metals. The independent variable is the type of material (water, copper, and aluminum), while the dependent variable is the temperature of the water measured in degrees Celsius. The procedure involves measuring 100 mL of water at an initial temperature of 20°C and placing a 100 g metal block at the same temperature in an insulated container. We will record the water temperature every minute for 10 minutes while ensuring consistent initial conditions. The experiment will be repeated twice with different metals to ensure reliable data. Results will be organized in a chart and analyzed through line graphs to visualize temperature changes over time for each metal. This investigation will provide insights into the effectiveness of thermal energy transfer in various materials.

Answer 4

make it sound like a 7th grader

Answer 5

In this investigation, we want to see how the transfer of heat affects the temperature of different materials, like water and metals. The type of material we use (water, copper, and aluminum) is what we change, while the temperature of the water is what we measure. To do this, we’ll start with 100 mL of water at 20°C and put a 100 g metal block (also at 20°C) in a container that keeps heat from escaping. Every minute for 10 minutes, we'll check and write down the water temperature. We’ll repeat this with different metals to get good results. After testing, we’ll organize our data in a chart and make line graphs to show how the temperature changes over time for each material. This will help us understand how well different materials transfer heat!