Sri Lanka is a multi-religious country where several faiths coexist, contributing to its rich cultural heritage. The predominant religion is Buddhism, which is followed by approximately 70% of the population, primarily among the Sinhalese ethnic group. Theravada Buddhism, the oldest surviving form of Buddhism, is widely practiced and plays a significant role in the country's culture, festivals, and national identity.
Hinduism is the second-largest religion, practiced mainly by the Tamil ethnic group, accounting for about 12-15% of the population. The worship of various deities and rituals are central to Hindu practice, and several temples can be found throughout the country.
Islam is another significant religion in Sri Lanka, with about 9-10% of the population identifying as Muslim, primarily among the Moors and Malays. Islamic practices and festivals, like Ramadan and Eid, are important aspects of the Muslim community's life.
Christianity is also present, comprising around 7-8% of the population, with both Roman Catholicism and various Protestant denominations represented. The Christian community primarily consists of Sinhalese and Tamils and celebrates various religious holidays.
Overall, Sri Lanka's religious landscape is characterized by a high degree of tolerance and coexistence, although there have been periods of tension related to ethnic and religious differences. The country's constitution recognizes the importance of all religions and promotes harmony among them.