Describe recent divisions and changes to political systems in the Middle East.(1 point)

Question

Responses

A lack of needed resources, such as food and medical care; social or cultural divisions; trauma from historical or contemporary events; and other factors caused protests.
A lack of needed resources, such as food and medical care; social or cultural divisions; trauma from historical or contemporary events; and other factors caused protests.

The regime changes of the Arab Spring were caused by division and frustrations with the region’s political systems, which caused protests in the region.
The regime changes of the Arab Spring were caused by division and frustrations with the region’s political systems, which caused protests in the region.

The rulers of various countries have used their power to eliminate term limits, which is a sign of a weak political system.
The rulers of various countries have used their power to eliminate term limits, which is a sign of a weak political system.

The end of apartheid in South Africa, as well as the end of various dictatorships throughout the continent, including in the Sudan, caused a strengthening of political systems.

Answer 1

Recent divisions and changes in the political systems of the Middle East have been significantly influenced by various factors, leading to widespread protests and shifts in governance. The aftermath of the Arab Spring demonstrated the deep-rooted frustrations with authoritarian regimes, leading to regime changes in countries like Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, although the outcomes have varied widely in terms of political stability and democratic consolidation.

Key issues contributing to unrest include a lack of essential resources such as food and medical care, social and cultural divisions, and deep-seated trauma from historical injustices and contemporary conflicts. These grievances have fueled calls for more transparent governance and accountability.

Additionally, many leaders in the region have responded to challenges by consolidating power, often eliminating term limits and suppressing dissent, which underscores the fragility of political systems in many Middle Eastern countries. This pattern highlights a trend where attempts at reform are often met with resistance from entrenched political elites, further entrenching divisions within societies.

While the end of apartheid in South Africa and the fall of various dictatorships in Africa have been viewed as positive steps toward strengthening political systems, the ongoing struggles in the Middle East illustrate the complex interplay of social, economic, and political factors that continue to shape the region's future.