Electricity can be produced from a dam using hydroelectric power generation. The process involves the following steps:
1. Water is stored in a reservoir behind the dam. The water may come from rivers, streams, or rainfall in the watershed.
2. When needed, the gates on the dam are opened, and the water flows down through a pipe called a penstock, which is connected to turbines located in a power plant at the base of the dam.
3. As the water flows through the penstock, its gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is used to spin the turbines.
4. The spinning turbines are connected to generators, which convert the kinetic energy into electrical energy.
5. The electricity generated is then sent to a transformer station, where it is stepped up to a higher voltage for transmission to the electric grid.
Sketch Diagram:
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Penstock ||
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Turbines
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Generators
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Transformer Station
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Electric Grid
Describe how electricity is produced from a dam, illustrate with a sketch diagram
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