1. Tropical Rainforest: This biome is characterized by high temperatures and heavy rainfall throughout the year. The flora and fauna in tropical rainforests are incredibly diverse, and the dense vegetation provides habitats for a wide range of species. Many tropical rainforests are found near the equator.
2. Desert: Deserts are characterized by extreme temperatures, with very hot days and cold nights. They receive very little rainfall, and the vegetation in deserts is adapted to survive in arid conditions. Despite the harsh environment, deserts are home to a variety of animals that have evolved to thrive in this biome.
3. Grasslands: Grasslands are characterized by vast stretches of grasses and very few trees. They receive more rainfall than deserts but less than forests, leading to a mix of grasses and scattered trees. Grasslands are home to large herbivores like buffalo and zebras, as well as predators like lions and cheetahs.
4. Temperate Forest: Temperate forests are found in regions with four distinct seasons and moderate rainfall. These forests are characterized by deciduous trees that lose their leaves in the winter. The fauna in temperate forests are adapted to the changing seasons, with many animals hibernating or migrating during the winter months.
5. Tundra: Tundras are cold, treeless biomes found in polar regions. The soil in tundras is permanently frozen, which limits plant growth. Tundras are home to species like caribou, musk oxen, and polar bears that have adapted to the cold temperatures and harsh conditions.
6. Marine and Freshwater: Marine and freshwater biomes include oceans, rivers, lakes, and ponds. These biomes are characterized by the presence of water and support a wide range of aquatic species. Marine ecosystems are home to corals, fish, whales, and other marine life, while freshwater ecosystems support species like frogs, turtles, and fish.
Describe and differentiate among major climate types (biomes).
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