A common URL (Uniform Resource Locator) consists of several parts that help identify and locate a specific resource on the internet. Here is a breakdown of the different components of a typical URL:
1. Protocol: The protocol specifies the rules and procedures to be followed for data transmission. Common protocols include HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), HTTPS (HTTP Secure), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), etc. This part of the URL comes before the "://" separator.
2. Domain: The domain is the name that identifies a specific website or server on the internet. It can be a registered domain name or an IP address. For example, in the URL "www.example.com", "example.com" represents the domain.
3. Subdomain: Sometimes, a domain is divided into subdomains to organize different sections or functions of a website. It appears before the main domain and is separated by a dot. For instance, in the URL "mail.example.com", "mail" is the subdomain.
4. Path: The path specifies the specific location or directory on the webserver where the resource is located. It can include multiple directories separated by forward slashes ('/'). For example, in the URL "www.example.com/blog/article", the path is "/blog/article".
5. Query Parameters: Query parameters are additional information sent to the server with the URL that helps define the resource further. They are separated from the rest of the URL by a question mark ('?') and consist of parameter-value pairs. Multiple parameters can be separated by an ampersand ('&'). For example, in the URL "www.example.com/search?q=example&category=books", the query parameters are "q=example" and "category=books".
6. Fragment Identifier: The fragment identifier refers to a specific section within the resource being requested. It is indicated by a hash symbol ('#') followed by the identifier. The fragment identifier is typically used to navigate to a specific section within a webpage. For example, in the URL "www.example.com/page#section2", "section2" is the fragment identifier.
Here is a diagram illustrating the different parts of a common URL:
```
-------------------------------
| Protocol | Domain |
-------------------------------
| Subdomain (optional) |
-------------------------------
| Path |
-------------------------------
| Query Parameters (optional) |
-------------------------------
| Fragment Identifier (optional) |
-------------------------------
```
It's important to note that not all parts of a URL are always present. Some URLs may only include the protocol, domain, and path, while others may include additional components.
Describe and diagram the different parts of a common url.
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