Define and explain digestion metabolism catabolism and anabolism

Answer 1

Digestion is the process by which the body breaks down food into smaller components that can be absorbed and used by cells. It begins in the mouth with chewing and the release of enzymes in saliva, continues through the stomach and small intestine, and ends with the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.

Metabolism is the complex network of chemical reactions that occur within living organisms to maintain life. It consists of two main processes: catabolism and anabolism.

Catabolism is the breakdown of molecules into smaller components to release energy. This process typically involves the oxidation of molecules to produce energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Catabolism breaks down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into smaller molecules like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, which can be used by cells for energy production.

Anabolism is the opposite process of catabolism, in which larger molecules are synthesized from smaller components using energy. Anabolism requires the input of energy to form complex molecules like proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These molecules are essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of cells and tissues.

Overall, digestion provides the raw materials necessary for metabolism to occur. Metabolism involves both catabolic and anabolic processes to break down nutrients and build new molecules that support cellular functions and maintain the body's energy balance.