Covalent compounds form when atoms share electrons, resulting in stable molecules that do not break apart into ions in water. Although some of these substances can interact with water through mechanisms like hydrogen bonding, they remain unchanged in solution and do not produce charged particles. As a result, covalent compounds are generally non-conductive, setting them apart from ionic compounds, which do dissociate and conduct electricity in solution.
Covalent compounds are characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms, creating stable molecules that do not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. While some covalent substances can interact with water molecules through hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions, they remain intact in solution. As a result, they do not produce free-moving charged particles necessary for electrical conductivity. Consequently, these compounds are typically non-conductive, distinguishing them from ionic compounds, which do dissociate and enable the flow of electricity in solution.
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